Determine how many trees you can plant per acre or hectare based on row spacing, tree spacing, and your planting layout.
Rectangular: Trees = Area ÷ (Row Spacing × Tree Spacing)
Triangular: Trees = Area ÷ (Row Spacing × Tree Spacing × 0.866)
Spacing depends on species at maturity, the desired canopy closure, equipment access, and orchard management goals. Dwarf apple trees may be planted on a 4×10 ft grid (≈1,089 trees/acre), while standard pecans need 35×35 ft (≈35 trees/acre). Triangular layouts (also called quincunx) fit roughly 15% more trees in the same area while maintaining equal between-tree distance.